Amygdala AVPR1A mediates susceptibility to chronic social isolation in female mice

PVH (Paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus) MBA:38 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde labelling from the medial CeA of Avp-Flp::GFP mice marked a small number of AVP neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.

Fig. 5b; Supplementary Fig. 9e–k

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BST (Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis) MBA:351 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde tracing from the medial CeA labelled a small number of AVP neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.

Fig. 5b; Supplementary Fig. 9e–k

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to BMA (Basomedial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:319 · Mouse

Anterograde viral tracing from AVPR1A-expressing CeA neurons labelled boutons in the basomedial amygdala, listed as one of the prominent targets.

Fig. 4d; Supplementary Fig. 6

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to CP (Caudoputamen) MBA:672 · Mouse

Synaptophysin-mCherry expressed in AVPR1A CeA neurons labelled boutons in the dorsolateral striatum; this was the only target whose bouton density was significantly higher in females than males (P = 0.048).

Fig. 4a–f; Supplementary Fig. 6c

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to BST (Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis) MBA:351 · Mouse

Anterograde tracing from AVPR1A CeA neurons showed boutons in the BNST, and collaterals of DLS-projecting AVPR1A CeA neurons labelled by rabies also reached the BNST.

Fig. 4d; Supplementary Fig. 6; Supplementary Fig. 8

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to MRN (Midbrain reticular nucleus) MBA:128 · Mouse

Synaptophysin-mCherry tracing from AVPR1A CeA neurons labelled boutons in the mesencephalic reticular formation; rabies-based collateral labelling of DLS-projecting AVPR1A CeA neurons also revealed axons there.

Fig. 4d; Supplementary Fig. 6; Supplementary Fig. 8

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CP (Caudoputamen) MBA:672 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

A few AVP-expressing cells in the dorsolateral striatum were retrogradely labelled after injection of AAVrg-fDIO-mCherry into the medial CeA.

Fig. 5b; Supplementary Fig. 9e–k

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to ACB (Nucleus accumbens) MBA:56 · Mouse

Cre-dependent synaptophysin-mCherry injected in the CeA of Avpr1a-Cre mice labelled boutons in the nucleus accumbens shell, among the prominent target sites in females.

Fig. 4d; Supplementary Fig. 6

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to LPO (Lateral preoptic area) MBA:226 · Mouse

Cre-dependent anterograde tracing from the CeA of Avpr1a-Cre mice revealed synaptic boutons in the lateral preoptic area, among the prominent projection sites in females.

Fig. 4d; Supplementary Fig. 6

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SCH (Suprachiasmatic nucleus) MBA:286 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Only a few AVP neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus were retrogradely labelled from the medial CeA.

Fig. 5b; Supplementary Fig. 9e–k

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to SO (Supraoptic nucleus) MBA:390 · Mouse

Anterograde labelling of AVPR1A-expressing CeA neurons with synaptophysin-mCherry produced bouton labelling in the supraoptic nucleus, one of the prominent target regions.

Fig. 4a–d; Supplementary Fig. 6

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to CP (Caudoputamen) MBA:672 · Mouse

EnvA-G-deleted rabies-mCherry injected into the DLS, and separately a retrograde AAV-DIO-Flp injected into the DLS, labelled Avpr1a-Cre neurons in the CeA, showing that these CeA neurons send axons to the dorsolateral striatum.

Fig. 4g, h; Supplementary Fig. 7b, c

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to PAG (Periaqueductal gray) MBA:795 · Mouse

After TVA/G helper virus in the CeA of Avpr1a-Cre mice and EnvA-G-deleted rabies-mCherry in the DLS, labelled DLS-projecting AVPR1A CeA neurons showed collateral axons in the periaqueductal gray.

Fig. 4g–i; Supplementary Fig. 8b–e

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MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

A retrograde AAV-fDIO-mCherry placed in the medial CeA of Avp-Flp::GFP mice robustly labelled GFP-positive AVP neurons in the posterodorsal and anteroventral medial amygdala in both sexes; the MePD was labelled in every animal examined.

Fig. 5a, b; Supplementary Fig. 9c–k

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to PVH (Paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus) MBA:38 · Mouse

Rabies-based filling of DLS-projecting AVPR1A CeA neurons revealed collateral axons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.

Fig. 4g–i; Supplementary Fig. 8b–e

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RT (Reticular nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:262 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde tracer injected in the medial CeA of Avp-Flp::GFP mice robustly labelled AVP-expressing cells in the thalamic reticular nucleus in both sexes.

Fig. 5b; Supplementary Fig. 9e–k

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MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

In Avpr1a-Cre::tdTomato::Avp-Flp::GFP mice, GFP-labelled AVP fibres from the MePD were concentrated at the MePD/medial CeA border, with only sparse fibres inside the CeA and no apparent close apposition to tdTomato-labelled AVPR1A CeA neurons, leading the authors to favour volume diffusion over a wired connection.

Fig. 5c; Supplementary Fig. 10a

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CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 projects to MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Cre-dependent synaptophysin-mCherry injected into the CeA of Avpr1a-Cre mice labelled synaptic boutons in the medial amygdala, listed among the densest target sites in females.

Fig. 4a–d; Supplementary Fig. 6

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SO (Supraoptic nucleus) MBA:390 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Flp-dependent retrograde labelling from the medial CeA produced robust mCherry labelling of AVP neurons in the supraoptic nucleus of both sexes.

Fig. 5b; Supplementary Fig. 9e–k

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.