Physiological and Anatomical Outputs of Rat Genital Cortex

SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to MOp (Primary motor area) UBERON:0001384 · Rat

Genital cortex BDA injections in both sexes gave a strong elongated labeled spot medial to S1, interpreted as the genital part of primary motor cortex. Weak label also appeared in contralateral M1-clitoris in females.

Fig. 3B, Fig. 4A,C,D, Fig. 5E, Table 1

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to SSs (Supplemental somatosensory area) UBERON:0008934 · Rat

A weakly labeled site posterior to the S2 spot appeared in all genital cortex injections. The authors tentatively assign it to area PV, a further somatosensory field.

Fig. 3C, Fig. 4A,C

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) disagrees. “The object ID is the one used for secondary somatosensory cortex, but the paper treats PV as a separate area posterior to S2.”

SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to SUB (Subiculum) UBERON:0002191 · Rat

Weak label in the dorsal subiculum was seen in a majority, but not all, of genital cortex injections.

Results, Consistent Subcortical Projections, Inconsistent Projections and Absence of Projections

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to SMT (Submedial nucleus of the thalamus) UBERON:0003031 · Rat

In both male and female injections, anterograde label was found in the dorsal part of the thalamic submedius nucleus.

Results, Subcortical Projections of Penis/Clitoris Cortex; Table 2

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to MB (Midbrain) UBERON:0001891 · Rat

Strong label appeared in the intermediate layers of the lateral-posterior superior colliculus after genital cortex injections. Weaker label was in the deep layers.

Fig. 7F–H, Table 2

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to EP (Endopiriform nucleus) UBERON:0014284 · Rat

Sparse, weak axonal label was seen in the endopiriform nucleus after genital cortex injections.

Fig. 6B–D, Table 2

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to ZI (Zona incerta) UBERON:0001907 · Rat

Sparse axonal label was seen in the zona incerta after genital cortex tracer injections.

Fig. 6F–G, Table 2

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to VPL (Ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus) UBERON:0002942 · Rat

Prominent thalamic label occurred in VPL after genital cortex injections. It was concentrated in the medial part of the nucleus near the VPM border.

Fig. 6E–G, Table 2

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to SSs (Supplemental somatosensory area) UBERON:0008934 · Rat

A strongly labeled spot in putative S2, at the S2 genital location, appeared in every penis and clitoris cortex injection. Weaker label was seen at contralateral S2.

Fig. 3C, Fig. 4A–D, Fig. 6E, Table 1

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to INC (Interstitial nucleus of Cajal) UBERON:0002551 · Rat

Weak, inconsistently present label was found in the interstitial nucleus of Cajal in most injected animals.

Results, Consistent Subcortical Projections, Inconsistent Projections and Absence of Projections

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to PTLp (Posterior parietal association areas) UBERON:0035886 · Rat

Weak anterograde label was found in putative posterior parietal cortex after both penis and clitoris cortex injections.

Fig. 3B,D, Fig. 4A,C, Table 1

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to MOp (Primary motor area) UBERON:0001384 · Rat

CTB injected into ipsilateral genital motor cortex in male rats retrogradely labeled cells in most layers of somatosensory penis cortex. Labeling in layer 4 was conspicuously weak.

Fig. S2A–B

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to MOs (Secondary motor area) UBERON:0016634 · Rat

A weak labeling site in putative M2 was observed in all genital cortex injection experiments.

Fig. 3D, Fig. 4A,C, Table 1

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to RT (Reticular nucleus of the thalamus) UBERON:0001903 · Rat

Genital cortex tracer injections produced robust subcortical label in the thalamic reticular nucleus.

Fig. 6B, Table 2

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to MPO (Medial preoptic area) UBERON:0007769 · Rat

No anterograde label from genital cortex injections was found in the medial preoptic area.

Results, Consistent Subcortical Projections, Inconsistent Projections and Absence of Projections

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to PO (Posterior complex of the thalamus) UBERON:0002709 · Rat

Robust anterograde labeling was observed in PoM after genital cortex injections.

Fig. 6F–G, Table 2

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to PAG (Periaqueductal gray) UBERON:0003040 · Rat

Weak, inconsistent label in the lateral periaqueductal gray was present in most but not all genital cortex injection animals.

Results, Consistent Subcortical Projections, Inconsistent Projections and Absence of Projections

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to CP (Caudoputamen) UBERON:0005383 · Rat

Coronal sections after genital cortex BDA injections showed prominent axonal labeling in the putamen, including its anterior part. This was seen in male and female rats.

Fig. 6A, Fig. 7A–C, Table 2

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to PH (Posterior hypothalamic nucleus) UBERON:0002706 · Rat

Weak label in the posterior hypothalamic area was seen in a majority of animals, though not in all.

Results, Consistent Subcortical Projections, Inconsistent Projections and Absence of Projections

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to PG (Pontine gray) UBERON:0002151 · Rat

Labeled axons with branches and boutons were found in the pontine nuclei after genital cortex injections. Fibers ran in the pyramidal tract.

Fig. 7I–J, Table 2

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SSp (Primary somatosensory area) UBERON:0008933 projects to ACB (Nucleus accumbens) UBERON:0001882 · Rat

Sparse, weak axonal labeling was observed in the nucleus accumbens core after genital cortex injections.

Fig. 7A,D,E, Table 2

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