Presynaptic Inputs to Any CNS Projection Neuron Identified by Dual Recombinant Virus Infection

RM (Nucleus raphe magnus) MBA:206 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 · Mouse

Serotonin-immunoreactive neurons of the nucleus raphe magnus were labelled after transneuronal transfer of the Cre-dependent pseudorabies vector from PB-projecting TNC neurons.

Fig. 3E, S1 Fig

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P (Pons) MBA:771 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

After Ad-Cre in the amygdala and AAV-TVA-G plus rabies in PB, RFP-labelled neurons appeared in the pontine A5 group, indicating a direct projection onto amygdala-projecting PB neurons.

Fig. 8F

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Vn (trigeminal nerve) UBERON:0004673 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) UBERON:0002866 · Rat

GFP-positive primary afferent neurons were found in the rat trigeminal ganglion after transneuronal pseudorabies labelling from PB-projecting TNC neurons; most of these cells were NF200-negative, i.e. unmyelinated.

Fig. 6E

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PRP (Nucleus prepositus) MBA:169 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 · Mouse

The authors report GFP-positive neurons in the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi after transneuronal pseudorabies labelling from PB-projecting TNC neurons, though the images are not shown.

Results, inputs to TNC projection neurons (data not shown)

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CL:0000748 synapses onto CL:0000740 · Mouse

GFP-labelled cells with the position and morphology of retinal bipolar cells, which contact the ganglion cell layer, were labelled by further transneuronal spread of the pseudorabies vector beyond the retinal ganglion cells.

Fig. 5D

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PAG (Periaqueductal gray) MBA:795 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 · Mouse

Periaqueductal gray neurons became GFP-positive following retrograde transneuronal spread of the Cre-dependent pseudorabies vector from PB-projecting trigeminal neurons.

Fig. 3F

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MDRN (Medullary reticular nucleus) MBA:395 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Scattered neurons of the medullary and pontine reticular formation were transneuronally labelled from amygdala-projecting PB neurons.

Fig. 4J

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P (Pons) MBA:771 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Pontine noradrenergic A5 and A7 neurons were labelled after transneuronal spread of the Cre-dependent pseudorabies vector from amygdala-projecting PB neurons.

Fig. 4E-4F

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P (Pons) UBERON:0000988 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) UBERON:0002866 · Rat

Rat pontine A5 catecholaminergic neurons were GFP-labelled by retrograde transneuronal spread of the conditional pseudorabies vector from PB-projecting trigeminal neurons.

Fig. 6B

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PPN (Pedunculopontine nucleus) MBA:1052 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Pedunculopontine tegmental neurons were rarely labelled with the rabies system after PB injections, a negative result the authors ascribe to limited rabies uptake and transfer rather than to lack of connectivity.

Results, monosynaptic inputs to PB projection neurons

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SPVI (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, interpolar part) MBA:437 projects to VP (Ventral posterior complex of the thalamus) MBA:709 · Mouse

Ad-Cre placed in the ventrobasal thalamus of a reporter mouse labelled cell bodies in the interpolar trigeminal nucleus, indicating these neurons send axons to VB.

Fig. 2J

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P (Pons) MBA:771 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 · Mouse

Tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive neurons of the pontine A5 group (and A7) were GFP-labelled by transneuronal spread of BA2001 from PB-projecting TNC neurons.

Fig. 3D, 3J, S1 Fig

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PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

The intense rabies-RFP signal filled parabrachial axons and revealed terminal arbors in the central nucleus of the amygdala.

Fig. 9H

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SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 projects to VP (Ventral posterior complex of the thalamus) MBA:709 · Mouse

Reporter-positive neurons appeared in the caudal trigeminal nucleus after Ad-Cre injection into the ventrobasal thalamus, identifying a trigeminothalamic projection.

Fig. 2K

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SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Superficial laminae I-II neurons of the trigeminal nucleus caudalis were GFP-labelled after transneuronal pseudorabies transfer from amygdala-projecting parabrachial neurons.

Fig. 4K

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SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 projects to PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

A Cre-expressing adenovirus injected into the parabrachial nucleus of a Cre-reporter mouse produced reporter-positive cell bodies in lamina I of the trigeminal nucleus caudalis seven days later, showing retrograde uptake by trigeminal neurons whose terminals lie in PB.

Fig. 2E-2G

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LC (Locus ceruleus) UBERON:0002148 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) UBERON:0002866 · Rat

In the rat, transneuronal transfer of BA2001 from PB-projecting TNC neurons labelled tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive locus coeruleus neurons.

Fig. 6A

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CL:0000740 synapses onto LGd (Dorsal part of the lateral geniculate complex) MBA:170 · Mouse

After Ad-Cre in visual cortex and BA2001 in LGN, extensive GFP labelling of retinal ganglion cells appeared, showing transneuronal transfer from cortically projecting geniculate neurons to their retinal inputs.

Fig. 5C-5D

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PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 projects to PF (Parafascicular nucleus) MBA:930 · Mouse

Parabrachial collaterals labelled by rabies-driven RFP were found in the parafascicular thalamic nucleus.

Fig. 9G

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PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 projects to MDRN (Medullary reticular nucleus) MBA:395 · Mouse

Rabies-RFP labelling showed parabrachial axon collaterals distributed throughout the medullary reticular formation.

Fig. 9D

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PAG (Periaqueductal gray) MBA:795 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

The monosynaptic rabies system labelled neurons in lateral and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray, showing they connect directly with amygdala-projecting parabrachial neurons.

Fig. 8G

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AP (Area postrema) MBA:207 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Area postrema neurons were transneuronally labelled from amygdala-projecting parabrachial neurons.

Fig. 4H

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PPN (Pedunculopontine nucleus) MBA:1052 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Pedunculopontine tegmental neurons appeared among the GFP-labelled inputs to amygdala-projecting parabrachial neurons.

Fig. 4I

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PAG (Periaqueductal gray) MBA:795 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Ventrolateral PAG neurons were labelled by transneuronal spread of the conditional pseudorabies vector from amygdala-projecting PB neurons.

Fig. 4I

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MY (Medulla) MBA:354 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

With Ad-Cre in the amygdala and BA2001 in PB, transneuronal spread labelled catecholaminergic neurons of the medullary A1 cell group as inputs to amygdala-projecting PB neurons.

Fig. 4C

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NTS (Nucleus of the solitary tract) MBA:651 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Rabies tracing from amygdala-projecting PB neurons seldom labelled solitary tract nucleus neurons, in contrast to the pseudorabies result; the authors attribute this negative finding to a limitation of this rabies strain rather than to absence of the connection.

Results, monosynaptic inputs to PB projection neurons

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ICd (Inferior colliculus, dorsal nucleus) MBA:820 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

A few RFP-labelled cells with Golgi-like dendritic filling were seen in the dorsal inferior colliculus after monosynaptic rabies tracing from amygdala-projecting PB neurons.

Fig. 8H

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SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Unlike the pseudorabies experiments, rabies tracing from amygdala-projecting PB neurons rarely labelled trigeminal nucleus caudalis neurons; the authors interpret this as a technical limitation of the rabies vector.

Results, monosynaptic inputs to PB projection neurons

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Vn (trigeminal nerve) MBA:901 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 · Mouse

Monosynaptically restricted rabies-GFP labelled a mixed population of trigeminal ganglion sensory neurons, including NF200-positive myelinated cells, as direct inputs to PB-projecting TNC neurons.

Fig. 10F

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RM (Nucleus raphe magnus) MBA:206 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 · Mouse

Rabies-GFP labelling in TVA-G transgenic mice revealed nucleus raphe magnus neurons as monosynaptic inputs to PB-projecting trigeminal projection neurons.

Fig. 10E

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RM (Nucleus raphe magnus) UBERON:0002156 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) UBERON:0002866 · Rat

Serotonin-immunoreactive neurons of the rat nucleus raphe magnus were labelled after transneuronal transfer from PB-projecting TNC neurons.

Fig. 6D

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PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 projects to NTS (Nucleus of the solitary tract) MBA:651 · Mouse

RFP-filled axon collaterals of rabies-labelled parabrachial neurons were traced into the nucleus of the solitary tract.

Fig. 9C

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LC (Locus ceruleus) MBA:147 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Locus coeruleus neurons were GFP-labelled by retrograde transneuronal transfer from amygdala-projecting PB neurons.

Fig. 4D

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LC (Locus ceruleus) MBA:147 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 · Mouse

Retrograde transneuronal transfer of the conditionally replicating pseudorabies vector from PB-projecting TNC neurons labelled catecholaminergic neurons of the locus coeruleus.

Fig. 3C, S1 Fig

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NTS (Nucleus of the solitary tract) MBA:651 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

Neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract were GFP-labelled after pseudorabies transfer from amygdala-projecting PB neurons.

Fig. 4H

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PGRNl (Paragigantocellular reticular nucleus, lateral part) MBA:978 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 · Mouse

Serotonergic neurons in the medullary lateral paragigantocellular nucleus were among the GFP-positive cells after transneuronal pseudorabies spread from PB-projecting TNC neurons.

Fig. 3E, 3I, S1 Fig

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PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 projects to HY (Hypothalamus) MBA:1097 · Mouse

Axon collaterals of rabies-RFP-labelled parabrachial neurons were seen in the hypothalamus.

Fig. 9F

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PGRNl (Paragigantocellular reticular nucleus, lateral part) MBA:978 synapses onto PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 · Mouse

GFP-positive neurons appeared in the lateral paragigantocellular nucleus, identifying it as part of the input network to amygdala-projecting PB neurons.

Fig. 4G

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PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Ad-Cre injected into the amygdala was taken up by terminals and transported back to parabrachial neurons, which then became GFP-positive once the Cre-dependent pseudorabies vector replicated in them; this identifies parabrachial neurons that terminate in the amygdala.

Fig. 4A-4B

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MARN (Magnocellular reticular nucleus) MBA:307 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 · Mouse

GFP-labelled neurons were also seen in the magnocellular reticular nucleus of the rostral medulla after transneuronal transfer from PB-projecting TNC neurons.

Fig. 3E

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SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) UBERON:0002866 projects to PB (Parabrachial nucleus) UBERON:0007634 · Rat

In rats, Ad-Cre injected in the parabrachial nucleus was retrogradely transported to trigeminal nucleus caudalis neurons, which then supported replication and GFP expression of the Cre-dependent pseudorabies vector injected in TNC.

Fig. 6; Results, inputs to projection neurons in the rat

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LGd (Dorsal part of the lateral geniculate complex) MBA:170 projects to VIS (Visual areas) MBA:669 · Mouse

Ad-Cre placed in visual cortex was retrogradely carried to geniculate neurons, which became GFP-labelled after the Cre-dependent BA2001 vector replicated in them, confirming the thalamocortical projection.

Fig. 5A-5B

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GR (Gracile nucleus) MBA:1039 projects to VP (Ventral posterior complex of the thalamus) MBA:709 · Mouse

After Ad-Cre injection into the ventrobasal thalamus, retrogradely labelled reporter-expressing neurons were found in the gracile nucleus of the dorsal column nuclei.

Fig. 2L

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Vn (trigeminal nerve) MBA:901 synapses onto SPVC (Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal, caudal part) MBA:429 · Mouse

After Ad-Cre in PB and Cre-dependent pseudorabies BA2001 in the TNC, GFP-labelled primary sensory neurons appeared in the trigeminal ganglion, indicating transneuronal spread from the PB-projecting TNC neurons to their sensory afferents.

Fig. 3B

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