Whole-Brain Monosynaptic Afferent Inputs to Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System

LDT (Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus) MBA:162 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus sent dense rabies-labelled inputs to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 4C

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

DR (Dorsal nucleus raphe) MBA:872 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Dorsal raphe sent dense rabies-labelled inputs to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 4C

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

PVH (Paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus) MBA:38 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

PVH provided dense rabies-labelled input to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 3, 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

VTA (Ventral tegmental area) MBA:749 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

VTA sent dense monosynaptic inputs to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 4C

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

PVT (Paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:149 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Paraventricular thalamus was among the stress-related areas sending strong inputs to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 3, 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

SO (Supraoptic nucleus) MBA:390 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

The supraoptic nucleus sent strong monosynaptic input to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 3, 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

MOB (Main olfactory bulb) MBA:507 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

The olfactory bulb contained relatively few rabies-labelled inputs to BF cholinergic neurons, mostly in the mitral/tufted cell layer.

Figs. 2, 3

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

PAG (Periaqueductal gray) MBA:795 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

PAG neurons were labelled as strong inputs to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 3, 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

ORB (Orbital area) MBA:714 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Cre-dependent monosynaptic rabies tracing from ChAT-Cre basal forebrain neurons labelled input neurons in OFC, among the most abundant cortical labelling; these input cells were not parvalbumin-positive.

Figs. 2, 3, 4A; Supplementary Fig. S3

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

TH (Thalamus) MBA:549 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

The thalamus overall was only sparsely labelled with input neurons to BF cholinergic cells.

Results, Overview section; Fig. 2

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ENT (Entorhinal area) MBA:909 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Entorhinal cortex sent strong rabies-traced inputs to BF cholinergic neurons.

Fig. 2; Supplementary Fig. S2

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

ACB (Nucleus accumbens) MBA:56 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Nucleus accumbens strongly targeted BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 4C

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

AON (Anterior olfactory nucleus) MBA:159 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Many AON neurons were labelled as direct monosynaptic inputs to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 3

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

MOp (Primary motor area) MBA:985 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Primary motor cortex contained abundant monosynaptic input neurons labelled from BF cholinergic starter cells.

Figs. 2, 3, 4A

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

PALv (Pallidum, ventral region) MBA:835 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Ventral pallidum strongly targeted BF cholinergic neurons in monosynaptic rabies tracing.

Figs. 2, 4C

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

AI (Agranular insular area) MBA:95 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Insular cortex was one of the anterior cortical areas with the most abundant rabies-labelled inputs to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 3, 4A

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

LS (Lateral septal nucleus) MBA:242 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Lateral septum provided dense, strong monosynaptic input to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 3, 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Parabrachial nucleus provided dense monosynaptic input to BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 3, 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

HIP (Hippocampal region) MBA:1080 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Ventral hippocampus provided strong monosynaptic input to BF cholinergic neurons.

Fig. 2; Supplementary Fig. S2

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Most amygdalar input neurons to BF cholinergic cells were in the CeA, which was described as a dense input.

Figs. 2, 3, 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

SUB (Subiculum) MBA:502 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Dense rabies-labelled inputs to BF cholinergic neurons were found in the dorsal subiculum.

Fig. 2; Supplementary Fig. S2

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

LHA (Lateral hypothalamic area) MBA:194 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Lateral hypothalamus densely targeted BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 4C

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

PIR (Piriform area) MBA:961 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Piriform cortex, both anterior and posterior parts, provided the largest olfactory input to BF cholinergic neurons; labelled cells were not parvalbumin-positive.

Figs. 2, 3; Supplementary Fig. S3

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Only a few rabies-labelled input neurons were seen in the BLA.

Figs. 2, 3; Supplementary Fig. S2

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

Few DsRed-labelled input neurons to BF cholinergic cells were found in the medial amygdala.

Figs. 2, 3; Supplementary Fig. S2

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

BST (Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis) MBA:351 synapses onto CL:0000108 · Mouse

BNST densely targeted BF cholinergic neurons.

Figs. 2, 4C

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.