Sexual dimorphism in synaptic inputs to the mouse amygdala and orbital cortex

CTXpl (Cortical plate) MBA:695 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

The cortical plate contained roughly 15% of rabies-labelled inputs to the amygdala, with females having a larger fraction of inputs from it.

Fig. 1F; Fig. 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

SI (Substantia innominata) MBA:342 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

The substantia innominata contained rabies-traced inputs to the amygdala, significantly more per starter in males.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

STR (Striatum) MBA:477 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Monosynaptic rabies tracing from MeA-targeted amygdala starter cells labelled presynaptic neurons in the striatum, which held more than 40% of all input cells in both sexes.

Fig. 1F; Results

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

AI (Agranular insular area) MBA:95 synapses onto ORB (Orbital area) MBA:714 · Mouse

Rabies tracing from ORB starter cells labelled presynaptic neurons in agranular insular cortex, with presynaptic counts differing significantly between sexes.

Fig. 3D, 3E

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

LS (Lateral septal nucleus) MBA:242 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Lateral septal neurons were monosynaptically labelled from amygdala starters and made up a significantly larger fraction of inputs in males.

Fig. 4C, 4D

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

OLF (Olfactory areas) MBA:698 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Olfactory areas provided monosynaptic inputs to the amygdala, constituting a larger fraction of inputs in females.

Fig. 4C; Results

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

EPd (Endopiriform nucleus, dorsal part) MBA:952 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

The dorsal endopiriform nucleus contained monosynaptic input cells to the amygdala, with significantly more in males.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

SS (Somatosensory areas) MBA:453 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Somatosensory cortex contained rabies-labelled presynaptic cells to the amygdala, with significantly higher presynaptic-per-starter counts in males.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

TH (Thalamus) MBA:549 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

The thalamus contributed monosynaptic inputs to the amygdala, forming a higher fraction of inputs in females.

Fig. 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

NLOT (Nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract) MBA:619 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

NLOT contained presynaptic cells to the amygdala, with inputs significantly biased toward males.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

LA (Lateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:131 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Rabies-labelled presynaptic cells to the amygdala starters were found in the lateral amygdala, significantly more per starter in males.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

BLAp (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus, posterior part) MBA:311 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

The posterior basolateral amygdala provided rabies-traced inputs to the amygdala, higher per starter in males.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

HY (Hypothalamus) MBA:1097 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

The hypothalamus held about 15% of monosynaptic input cells to the amygdala, and males showed a larger fraction of hypothalamic inputs.

Fig. 1B, 1F; Fig. 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

BLAa (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus, anterior part) MBA:303 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

The anterior basolateral amygdala contained monosynaptic input cells to the amygdala injection site, with male-biased presynaptic-per-starter values.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Central amygdala neurons were labelled as presynaptic to the amygdala starter population, with male-biased connectivity.

Fig. 2D, 2E

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

ARH (Arcuate hypothalamic nucleus) MBA:223 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

The arcuate nucleus provided monosynaptic inputs to the amygdala, higher per starter in males.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

MTN (Midline group of the dorsal thalamus) MBA:571 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Midline thalamic neurons were rabies-labelled from amygdala starters, significantly more per starter in males.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

MED (Medial group of the dorsal thalamus) MBA:444 synapses onto ORB (Orbital area) MBA:714 · Mouse

The medial thalamic group provided rabies-traced inputs to ORB, with significantly different numbers between males and females.

Fig. 3D, 3E

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

MPO (Medial preoptic area) MBA:523 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

The medial preoptic area supplied rabies-traced inputs to the amygdala, forming a larger share of total inputs in males.

Fig. 4C, 4D

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

BST (Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis) MBA:351 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

BST neurons were monosynaptically labelled from amygdala starters; males had both more BST inputs per starter and a larger fraction of all inputs coming from BST.

Fig. 2D; Fig. 4C, 4D

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

VMH (Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus) MBA:693 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

VMH neurons were labelled as presynaptic to the amygdala, with male-biased presynaptic-per-starter values.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

VIS (Visual areas) MBA:669 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Visual cortex provided monosynaptic inputs to the amygdala, more per starter cell in males than females.

Fig. 2D; Supplementary Table 1

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

CTXsp (Cortical subplate) MBA:703 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

The cortical subplate contributed presynaptic cells to the amygdala, a larger fraction in males.

Fig. 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

ATN (Anterior group of the dorsal thalamus) MBA:239 synapses onto ORB (Orbital area) MBA:714 · Mouse

Anterior thalamic neurons were monosynaptically labelled from ORB starters and differed significantly between sexes in both count and input fraction.

Fig. 3D, 3E; Results (FPR)

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

PAL (Pallidum) MBA:803 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Pallidal neurons provided rabies-traced inputs to the amygdala, with a significantly larger fraction in males.

Fig. 4B

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

HIP (Hippocampal region) MBA:1080 synapses onto MEA (Medial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:403 · Mouse

Presynaptic cells were seen in ventral hippocampus; in one male sample, 304 of 8,952 input cells lay in the hippocampus.

Fig. 1B; Fig. 4A

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.

MTN (Midline group of the dorsal thalamus) MBA:571 synapses onto ORB (Orbital area) MBA:714 · Mouse

Midline thalamus contained presynaptic cells to ORB, with sex differences in counts and in fraction of total inputs.

Fig. 3D, 3E; Results (FPR)

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5-5) agrees.