Novel Cerebello-Amygdala Connections Provide Missing Link Between Cerebellum and Limbic System

CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 projects to BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 · Mouse

A retrograde AAV injected into the BLA labelled no neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei.

Results, section 1 (data not shown)

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DN (Dentate nucleus) MBA:846 projects to TH (Thalamus) MBA:549 · Mouse

Retrogradely labelled neurons in all DCN, the lateral nucleus among them, followed limbic thalamus CtB injection.

Fig. 1F

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IP (Interposed nucleus) MBA:91 projects to TH (Thalamus) MBA:549 · Mouse

After CtB injection into the limbic thalamus, retrogradely labelled neurons appeared in all deep cerebellar nuclei, including the interposed nucleus.

Fig. 1F

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 synapses onto VM (Ventral medial nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:685 · Mouse

As a positive control, tdTomato-tagged postsynaptic neurons extended into the ventromedial thalamic nuclei after AAV1-Cre injection into the DCN.

Fig. 2C

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 functionally connects to ILM (Intralaminar nuclei of the dorsal thalamus) MBA:51 · Mouse

In slices, ChR2 stimulation of DCN axons evoked short-latency synaptic currents in intralaminar neurons. In CM/PF the currents were abolished by TTX and restored by 4-AP, showing they are monosynaptic, and they were also evoked in BLA-projecting CM/PF neurons labelled with CtB. Mean amplitudes were about 312 pA for the IL group, -197.5 pA in CM/PF and -104.1 pA in BLA-projecting CM/PF neurons.

Fig. 3B; Fig. 5D; Fig. 6D

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 synapses onto MD (Mediodorsal nucleus of thalamus) MBA:362 · Mouse

Many transsynaptically tagged DCN-recipient neurons lay in the mediodorsal nucleus, mostly in its lateral part.

Fig. 2C3

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 synapses onto PF (Parafascicular nucleus) MBA:930 · Mouse

DCN-to-thalamus AAV1-Cre transfer tagged postsynaptic neurons in the parafascicular nucleus.

Fig. 2C3; Fig. 5A

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 functionally connects to MD (Mediodorsal nucleus of thalamus) MBA:362 · Mouse

Optogenetic stimulation of DCN axons evoked synaptic currents in mediodorsal thalamic neurons, with a mean amplitude of about 106 pA.

Fig. 3B

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 synapses onto CM (Central medial nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:599 · Mouse

Transsynaptic AAV1-Cre from the DCN tagged many neurons in the centromedial nucleus.

Fig. 2C3; Fig. 5A

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 functionally connects to MTN (Midline group of the dorsal thalamus) MBA:571 · Mouse

Light activation of ChR2-expressing DCN axons evoked synaptic currents in midline thalamic neurons (IMD and RH), with a mean amplitude of about 566 pA.

Fig. 3B

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 projects to PVT (Paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:149 · Mouse

In the PVT, DCN axons overlapped with BLA-projecting neurons.

Fig. 1E; Results, section 2

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FN (Fastigial nucleus) MBA:989 projects to TH (Thalamus) MBA:549 · Mouse

CtB injected into the limbic thalamus retrogradely labelled neurons in every cerebellar nucleus, including the medial nucleus.

Fig. 1F

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TH (Thalamus) MBA:549 projects to BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 · Mouse

In the transsynaptic Cre experiments, tdTomato-labelled axons of DCN-recipient thalamic neurons were found along the anteroposterior extent of the BLA. Their varicosities colocalized with vGLUT2 and PSD-95.

Fig. 4B,C

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MD (Mediodorsal nucleus of thalamus) MBA:362 projects to BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 · Mouse

BLA injection of retrograde AAV labelled neurons in the mediodorsal thalamus, which lay mostly in its medial part.

Fig. 1D; Results, section 4

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 synapses onto PCN (Paracentral nucleus) MBA:907 · Mouse

AAV1-Cre transsynaptic tagging from the DCN labelled postsynaptic neurons in the paracentral nucleus, which belongs to the intralaminar cluster receiving most cerebellar input.

Fig. 2C3

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 synapses onto CL (Central lateral nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:575 · Mouse

After anterograde transsynaptic AAV1-Cre from the DCN with floxed tdTomato in the thalamus, tagged postsynaptic neurons appeared in CL. The intralaminar cluster together with MD held about 95% of tagged neurons.

Fig. 2C3

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 projects to CM (Central medial nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:599 · Mouse

Anterogradely labelled DCN axons overlapped with, and were seen contacting, BLA-projecting neurons in the centromedial nucleus.

Fig. 1E; Fig. 5B1,B2

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 functionally connects to VENT (Ventral group of the dorsal thalamus) MBA:637 · Mouse

Stimulating DCN axons evoked short-latency synaptic responses in VM/VPM neurons, with a mean amplitude of about 348 pA.

Fig. 3B

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 projects to BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 · Mouse

An anterograde viral tracer injected into the cerebellar nuclei labelled no direct axonal projections in the basolateral amygdala.

Results, section 1 (data not shown)

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TH (Thalamus) MBA:549 projects to PL (Prelimbic area) MBA:972 · Mouse

Axons of thalamic neurons that receive DCN input were also detected in anterior cingulate/prelimbic cortex.

Fig. 4D3,D4

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PVT (Paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:149 projects to BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 · Mouse

The paraventricular thalamic nucleus held many neurons retrogradely labelled from the BLA; the authors call this projection heavy.

Fig. 1C; Results, section 2

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 projects to MD (Mediodorsal nucleus of thalamus) MBA:362 · Mouse

DCN axons labelled with anterograde AAV overlapped with BLA-projecting neurons in the mediodorsal nucleus.

Fig. 1E

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PF (Parafascicular nucleus) MBA:930 projects to BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 · Mouse

Neurons in the parafascicular thalamic nucleus were retrogradely labelled from the BLA.

Fig. 1D; Fig. 5B3

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CM (Central medial nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:599 projects to BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV and CtB injections into the BLA labelled neurons in the centromedial thalamic nucleus.

Fig. 1D; Fig. 5B1; Fig. 6B

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 synapses onto PVT (Paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:149 · Mouse

Few tagged neurons were found in the PVT, so the authors concluded it does not appear to receive robust direct DCN input.

Fig. 2C3

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 projects to SPA (Subparafascicular area) MBA:609 · Mouse

Anterogradely labelled DCN axons overlapped with BLA-projecting neurons in the subparafascicular area.

Fig. 1E

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TH (Thalamus) MBA:549 projects to ACB (Nucleus accumbens) MBA:56 · Mouse

tdTomato-labelled axons of DCN-recipient thalamic neurons were observed in both the core and the shell of the nucleus accumbens.

Fig. 4D1,D2

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SPA (Subparafascicular area) MBA:609 projects to BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 · Mouse

Neurons in the subparafascicular area were retrogradely labelled from the BLA, and DCN axons overlapped with them.

Fig. 1D,E

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 projects to PF (Parafascicular nucleus) MBA:930 · Mouse

Anterogradely labelled DCN axons overlapped with, and contacted, BLA-projecting neurons in the parafascicular nucleus.

Fig. 1E; Fig. 5B3-B5

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CBN (Cerebellar nuclei) MBA:519 functionally connects to LP (Lateral posterior nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:218 · Mouse

Optogenetic activation of DCN terminals evoked synaptic currents in lateral posterior thalamic neurons, with a mean amplitude of about 92 pA.

Fig. 3B

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