Central amygdalar PKCδ neurons mediate fentanyl withdrawal

PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Monosynaptic rabies tracing from CeLC PKCδ neurons identified the parabrachial nucleus as the main hindbrain source of direct input, and parabrachial inputs to these PKCδ neurons included mu-opioid receptor-expressing cells.

Fig. 5c, 5e; Fig. S10

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

CP (Caudoputamen) MBA:672 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Cre-dependent helper viruses plus EnvA-pseudotyped glycoprotein-deleted rabies injected into the CeLC of Prkcd-Cre mice labelled presynaptic neurons in the caudate-putamen, which was among the regions with the highest input density.

Fig. 5a-c, 5e

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ENT (Entorhinal area) MBA:909 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Entorhinal cortex neurons were labelled as monosynaptic inputs to CeLC PKCδ neurons by rabies tracing.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

PERI (Perirhinal area) MBA:922 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV from the CeA labelled 3762 perirhinal cortex neurons, 61% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

BST (Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis) MBA:351 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Dense extended-amygdala input, including the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, was labelled by monosynaptic rabies tracing from CeLC PKCδ neurons.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

VP (Ventral posterior complex of the thalamus) MBA:709 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Rabies tracing labelled a small number of presynaptic neurons in the ventral posterior thalamic nuclear group projecting to CeLC PKCδ cells.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

AUD (Auditory areas) MBA:247 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 2024 auditory cortex neurons, 73% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

PB (Parabrachial nucleus) MBA:867 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 330 parabrachial neurons, 65% of them Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e; Fig. S10

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

AUD (Auditory areas) MBA:247 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Dorsal and ventral auditory cortical areas contained rabies-labelled neurons presynaptic to CeLC PKCδ cells.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

AI (Agranular insular area) MBA:95 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Insular cortex neurons were among the rabies-labelled monosynaptic inputs to CeLC PKCδ neurons.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

PAA (Piriform-amygdalar area) MBA:788 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Rabies tracing from CeLC PKCδ neurons labelled presynaptic neurons in the cortex-amygdala transition area.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

PIR (Piriform area) MBA:961 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Olfactory cortical input from the piriform cortex to CeLC PKCδ neurons was labelled by monosynaptic rabies tracing.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

PALv (Pallidum, ventral region) MBA:835 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV from the CeA labelled 1051 ventral pallidum neurons, 57% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

EP (Endopiriform nucleus) MBA:942 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 3559 endopiriform neurons, 75% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

LA (Lateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:131 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Monosynaptic rabies tracing identified the lateral amygdala as a source of direct input to CeLC PKCδ neurons.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

AAA (Anterior amygdalar area) MBA:23 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV injected into the CeA labelled 1622 neurons in the anterior amygdaloid area, 60% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

VP (Ventral posterior complex of the thalamus) MBA:709 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV from the CeA labelled 169 ventral posterior thalamic neurons, 72% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

AI (Agranular insular area) MBA:95 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 22630 insular cortex neurons, 55% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

PIR (Piriform area) MBA:961 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV from the CeA labelled 10841 piriform cortex neurons, 65% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

COA (Cortical amygdalar area) MBA:631 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV from the CeA labelled 1222 cortical amygdala neurons, 71% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

LHA (Lateral hypothalamic area) MBA:194 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Hypothalamic input to CeLC PKCδ neurons included rabies-labelled cells in the lateral hypothalamus.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

EP (Endopiriform nucleus) MBA:942 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Rabies tracing from CeLC PKCδ neurons labelled presynaptic cells in the endopiriform nucleus.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

LHA (Lateral hypothalamic area) MBA:194 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 1902 lateral hypothalamic neurons, 71% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

TEa (Temporal association areas) MBA:541 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Temporal association cortex neurons were rabies-labelled as presynaptic partners of CeLC PKCδ cells.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

IA (Intercalated amygdalar nucleus) MBA:1105 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV from the CeA labelled 1222 intercalated amygdala neurons, 72% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

PVT (Paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus) MBA:149 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Thalamic input to CeLC PKCδ neurons included rabies-labelled neurons in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

After rabies tracing from CeLC PKCδ starter cells, no labelled presynaptic neurons were found in the opposite-hemisphere central amygdala, implying little interhemispheric input to this population.

Results, brain-wide input mapping; Fig. 5

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

LA (Lateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:131 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching tracer from the CeA labelled 4266 lateral amygdala neurons, 77% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

GPe (Globus pallidus, external segment) MBA:1022 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 3380 globus pallidus neurons, 71% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

AAA (Anterior amygdalar area) MBA:23 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Rabies-labelled presynaptic neurons were found in the anterior amygdaloid area after targeting CeLC PKCδ cells.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Rabies tracing from CeLC PKCδ starter cells revealed dense presynaptic labelling in the basolateral amygdala.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

BMA (Basomedial amygdalar nucleus) MBA:319 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 6262 basomedial amygdala neurons, 81% expressing Oprm1.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

TEa (Temporal association areas) MBA:541 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 5197 temporal association cortex neurons, 79% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

SSp (Primary somatosensory area) MBA:322 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Rabies tracing from CeLC PKCδ neurons labelled input neurons in primary somatosensory cortex.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

ENT (Entorhinal area) MBA:909 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 9811 entorhinal cortex neurons, 80% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

SSs (Supplemental somatosensory area) MBA:378 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV from the CeA labelled 4792 secondary somatosensory cortex neurons, 73% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

TR (Postpiriform transition area) MBA:566 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 5885 postpiriform transition area neurons, 78% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

TR (Postpiriform transition area) MBA:566 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

The postpiriform transition area contained rabies-labelled neurons presynaptic to CeLC PKCδ cells.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

ECT (Ectorhinal area) MBA:895 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Rabies tracing from CeLC PKCδ neurons labelled presynaptic neurons in the ectorhinal cortex.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

BLA (Basolateral amygdalar nucleus) MBA:295 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV from the CeA of Oprm1-Cre mice labelled 11105 basolateral amygdala neurons, 78% of which expressed Oprm1.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

PERI (Perirhinal area) MBA:922 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

The perirhinal cortex contained rabies-labelled neurons presynaptic to CeLC PKCδ cells.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

STR (Striatum) MBA:477 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 4813 neurons in the amygdalostriatal transition area, 80% of them Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) disagrees. “The subject ID denotes the whole striatum, not the amygdalostriatal transition area the paper counted.”

PALv (Pallidum, ventral region) MBA:835 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Rabies tracing from CeLC PKCδ neurons labelled presynaptic cells in the ventral pallidum.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

IA (Intercalated amygdalar nucleus) MBA:1105 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Intercalated amygdala cells were labelled as direct presynaptic partners of CeLC PKCδ neurons in rabies tracing.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

SSs (Supplemental somatosensory area) MBA:378 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Secondary somatosensory cortex was identified as a source of direct input to CeLC PKCδ neurons by monosynaptic rabies tracing.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

ECT (Ectorhinal area) MBA:895 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde colour-switching AAV from the CeA labelled 7204 ectorhinal cortex neurons, 72% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

SI (Substantia innominata) MBA:342 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Monosynaptic rabies tracing from CeLC PKCδ neurons labelled input cells in the substantia innominata.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

GPe (Globus pallidus, external segment) MBA:1022 synapses onto CEAl PKC-delta-expressing neurons nt-g513b58b0y · Mouse

Pallidal input to CeLC PKCδ neurons included rabies-labelled neurons in the globus pallidus.

Fig. 5c, 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

PAA (Piriform-amygdalar area) MBA:788 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV from the CeA labelled 1407 cortex-amygdala transition area neurons, 70% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.

SSp (Primary somatosensory area) MBA:322 projects to CEA (Central amygdalar nucleus) MBA:536 · Mouse

Retrograde AAV from the CeA labelled 6820 primary somatosensory cortex neurons, 67% Oprm1-positive.

Fig. 5e

Made by an AI model reading the paper (claude-opus-5, extract@0.3.0); a second AI model (claude-opus-5) agrees.